雷電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流平(ping)均約為(wei)20 000A（乃至更大(da)），雷電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓大(da)約是10的(de)10次方伏(fu)（人體安全(quan)電(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)36伏(fu)），一次雷電(dian)(dian)的(de)時候大(da)約為(wei)千(qian)分(fen)之一秒，平(ping)均一次雷電(dian)(dian)宣布的(de)功率(lv)達200億(yi)千(qian)瓦（一般(ban)電(dian)(dian)飯鍋(guo)的(de)功率(lv)低(di)于(yu)1000瓦）。

我國建造的世界上最大的水力發電(dian)站——三峽水電(dian)站，電(dian)站的裝機(ji)總容(rong)量為(wei)1820萬千(qian)瓦，只有一(yi)次(ci)雷電(dian)功(gong)率的千(qian)分之一(yi)。

當然雷電(dian)的電(dian)功率雖(sui)然很(hen)大，但由于放電(dian)時間短，所以閃電(dian)電(dian)流(liu)的電(dian)功并(bing)不算大，一次約為5555度。

全世界(jie)每秒(miao)就有100次(ci)以(yi)上(shang)的雷電(dian)現象，一年里雷電(dian)釋放的總(zong)電(dian)能余(yu)約為17.5億千(qian)度。

若一(yi)度電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)費為(wei)0.30元，全(quan)世界一(yi)年的(de)(de)(de)雷電(dian)(dian)價值為(wei)5.25萬(wan)億(yi)元，這是一(yi)筆巨大的(de)(de)(de)財富(fu)，但由(you)于(yu)雷電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間極短，人類還難以捕捉這種電(dian)(dian)能;佛羅里達(da)州，以及(ji)我國(guo)清華大學電(dian)(dian)機系，上海(hai)交通大學高電(dian)(dian)壓實驗(yan)室正不斷的(de)(de)(de)為(wei)人類探(tan)究著新的(de)(de)(de)愿望(wang)。

夏季，通過(guo)雷雨(yu)(yu)(yu)云(yun)層(ceng)積累的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷區出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以及(ji)弧光(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)輻射強(qiang)度(du)可核算(suan)出(chu)擊穿空(kong)氣分(fen)(fen)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值。通常(chang)，干(gan)燥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)氣被一(yi)萬(wan)(wan)伏(fu)(fu)特高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)擊穿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隔(ge)為一(yi)公分(fen)(fen)，假(jia)如空(kong)氣中水分(fen)(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)度(du)由(you)小到(dao)大(da)呈(cheng)階梯式(shi)變化，其(qi)所(suo)(suo)被擊穿的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)量也(ye)在(zai)(zai)數萬(wan)(wan)伏(fu)(fu)特至(zhi)數千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)特之(zhi)間(jian)變化。一(yi)般(ban)來講，強(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷雨(yu)(yu)(yu)云(yun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷層(ceng)所(suo)(suo)構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)對(dui)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為一(yi)億伏(fu)(fu)特至(zhi)10億伏(fu)(fu)特左右(you)。而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)空(kong)氣被擊穿時所(suo)(suo)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)3萬(wan)(wan)至(zhi)30萬(wan)(wan)安培之(zhi)間(jian)，由(you)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率(lv)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)一(yi)千(qian)萬(wan)(wan)瓦特左右(you)，這只是(shi)(shi)一(yi)次(ci)中等雷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數據。在(zai)(zai)雷雨(yu)(yu)(yu)云(yun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)期間(jian)可分(fen)(fen)為幾(ji)個階段(duan)，第一(yi)階段(duan)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)在(zai)(zai)雷雨(yu)(yu)(yu)云(yun)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)水卸載的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前期，其(qi)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量很(hen)小或接近于(yu)零星雨(yu)(yu)(yu)狀態，此時空(kong)氣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕(shi)度(du)較低(di)，而(er)(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷云(yun)層(ceng)對(dui)地上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)1000米左右(you)或者還更低(di)，它所(suo)(suo)構(gou)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)數值是(shi)(shi)較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)般(ban)在(zai)(zai)數億伏(fu)(fu)特左右(you)。而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)后期階段(duan)則是(shi)(shi)隨著(zhu)雨(yu)(yu)(yu)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)大(da)和空(kong)氣濕(shi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)增高以及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷云(yun)層(ceng)距(ju)地上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)下降(jiang)，其(qi)所(suo)(suo)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)也(ye)會隨其(qi)降(jiang)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。

強雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)在(zai)雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)期，其放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)強度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)般也是(shi)從大(da)到小逐(zhu)級次的(de)(de)(de)(de)減少，這也是(shi)隨其空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)濕度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷增(zeng)加和云(yun)(yun)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)釋放(fang)而(er)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)梯(ti)度(du)(du)變(bian)化。平時(shi)我們(men)看到的(de)(de)(de)(de)由強雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所發生的(de)(de)(de)(de)弧(hu)光輻射和巨(ju)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)沖(chong)擊波大(da)部分(fen)是(shi)在(zai)雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)初期階段。在(zai)雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)到來的(de)(de)(de)(de)前(qian)期，空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)濕度(du)(du)較低，按擊穿一(yi)(yi)公分(fen)空(kong)(kong)間隔離(li)所需要的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)萬伏特電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來核(he)算，1000米間隔的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓則(ze)需要一(yi)(yi)億伏特電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)云(yun)(yun)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)量(liang)越(yue)(yue)大(da)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓場就(jiu)會越(yue)(yue)高，另外，雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)云(yun)(yun)層(ceng)間隔地上的(de)(de)(de)(de)高度(du)(du)越(yue)(yue)低，所構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流也就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)，這是(shi)一(yi)(yi)正(zheng)比(bi)關系。雨(yu)(yu)季的(de)(de)(de)(de)雷(lei)暴(bao)(bao)聲也是(shi)由弧(hu)光放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發生的(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)沖(chong)擊波放(fang)大(da)構(gou)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，雷(lei)暴(bao)(bao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)聲音分(fen)貝(bei)系數越(yue)(yue)高則(ze)雷(lei)雨(yu)(yu)云(yun)(yun)層(ceng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)強度(du)(du)也就(jiu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)。

在(zai)我們(men)知道了(le)關于雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)的相關知識后(hou)，避(bi)雷(lei)防雷(lei)也(ye)就了(le)如指掌(zhang)了(le)。在(zai)雷(lei)雨到來的前(qian)期和(he)中期，人們(men)盡(jin)量(liang)的躲(duo)避(bi)，等待大雨磅礴、空氣的濕(shi)度(du)增加和(he)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)過程完(wan)畢后(hou)以及(ji)在(zai)雨后(hou)再去(qu)做你的事情。不(bu)然的話，遭受(shou)雷(lei)擊是不(bu)可避(bi)免的。